Must
Must
Grape must refers to the freshly pressed, unfermented grape juice which contains the fruit’s skins, seeds and sometimes stems (collectively referred to as pomace). It is the first step in winemaking, which serves as the base for fermentation by yeast into alcohol. Its name is derived from the Latin phrase “vinum mustum”, which means “young wine”.
See Also
Harvest
The harvest marks the end of the vine growing cycle, typically occuring between August and October in the Northern hemisphere. It is the stage where ripe grapes are picked from the vineyard to begin winemaking.
Aging
Aging is a post fermentation process where wine rests in barrels (mainly oak) or bottles to undergo chemical changes that improves stability, develops complex flavors and clarifies the liquid.
Lactic Acid
Lactic acid is a soft organic acid produced during malolactic fermentation of wines. It smoothens the wine's total acidity, increases pH and adds creamy, buttery or velvety textures and flavors.
Amphora
Amphora is a traditional clay or terracotta vessel used for fermenting, aging and storing wine. These vessels are neutral and porous, allowing micro oxygenation without adding oak flavors.
Oxidation
Oxidation is a chemical reaction that occurs when oxygen in the air comes in contact with the alcohol in wine, converting ethanol into acetaldehyde, then acetic acid. It causes wines to lose their vibrant colors and reduces fresh fruit aromas.
Oak
Oak imparts flavor, aroma and texture into wines through fermentation in oak barrels. These barrels act as gentle, breathable vessels that add complex notes and improve the wine's overall structure and mouthfeel.
Lees
Lees are the dead yeast cells, grape seeds and skins left over in the fermentation tank after fermentation. There are two types of lees; gross lees and fine lees.
Malic Acid
Malic acid is a naturally occuring organic acid in wine grapes, primarily found in unripe or cool climate berries. It gives a sharp acidity, tartness and freshness to wine.