IGT

An appellation is a legally defined, government protected geographical area, which is used to identify where grapes were grown and to ensure standards of quality. Common appellation systems inlude the French AOC/AOP, Italian DOCG and US AVAs.

An American Viticultural Area (AVA) is a designated and legally defined wine grape growing region in the United States which is identifiable by its geography, soil and climate. A wine labeled with an AVA must use at least 85% grapes grown in the region.

Grand Cru is the highest legal classification for top tier vineyards in France, especially in Alsace, Burgundy and Champagne. The term translates to "greath growth" and it is used to describe a vineyard site known for its superior terroir, exceptional quality and high aging potential.

"Cru" is a French term meaning "growth", referring to a superior, high quality growing site, vineyard, or village.

AOC (Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée) is a prestigious French wine regulatory system that guarantees that it comes from a specific, defined region and that its production adheres to strict, traditional production standards.

DOC means Denominazione di Origine Controllata, an Italian wine quality classification system that guarantees that the wine was produced in a specific region using authorized grape varieties and methods.

Wine grapes are the fruit of the grape vine, small thick skinned and sugary berries, majorly from the Vitis vinifera species. Popular grape varieties include Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir and Chardonnay.

The pH of wine is the measure of its total acidity (hydrogen ion concentration), typically ranging from 2.9 to 4.0 in most wines.